Which research examines criminality among adopted children to separate genetic and environmental factors?

• A. Psychological Theories
• B. Bandura
• C. Jacobs XYY Study
• D. Adoption Studies

Answer: (D)

Adoption studies are designed to untangle nature and nurture. They compare criminal behavior in individuals who were adopted with what would be expected from their biological parents (genetic influence) and their adoptive parents (environmental influence). If adoptees resemble their biological parents in criminal tendencies, it suggests genetics play a role; if they resemble their adoptive parents, the environment is influential. This design directly isolates genetic versus environmental factors, which is why it fits the question.

Other options don’t provide that specific approach. Psychological theories cover broad explanations of behavior, Bandura refers to a theorist and his social learning framework, and the Jacobs XYY study investigates a particular genetic condition rather than separating genetic and environmental influences through adoption.